California code of civil procedure esi. California Forms of Pleading and Practice KFC 1010 .

When in federal court, parties are obligated under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 26(f) to address the scope of electronic discovery during the Rule 26(f) conference. section 2031. 5 Current as of January 01, 2023 | Updated by FindLaw Staff (a) A partnership or other unincorporated association, whether organized for profit or not, may sue and be sued in the name it has assumed or by which it is known. 96—481 effective Oct. (April 10, 2024) - California legislators have changed the rules of discovery in civil cases through the passage of amendments to Code of Civil Procedure sections 2016. Read the code on FindLaw California Code, Code of Civil Procedure - CCP § 2023. Jan 1, 2023 · (1) Grant all orders and writs that are usually granted in the first instance upon an ex parte application, and hear and dispose of those orders and writs, appoint referees, require and receive inventories and accounts to be filed, order notice of settlement of supplemental accounts, suspend the powers of personal representatives, guardians, or conservators in the cases allowed by law, appoint Jan 1, 2023 · California Code, Code of Civil Procedure - CCP § 909 Current as of January 01, 2023 | Updated by FindLaw Staff In all cases where trial by jury is not a matter of right or where trial by jury has been waived, the reviewing court may make factual determinations contrary to or in addition to those made by the trial court. Federal Rules of Evidence 901 and 902: While not California statutes, these federal rules are often referenced in state courts and provide methods for authentication of electronic evidence. ”) to place additional requirements on the production of documents during discovery. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. 320 These amendments to California’s discovery rules are very similar to the recent revisions to the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, and generally bring California in line with federal e-discovery standards. Read Section 2031. 280: This section discusses the production of ESI in its native format or a reasonably usable form. 090 requires disclosure of witnesses, documents, and ESI that are (i) “relevant to the subject matter” of the case; “or" (ii) that the disclosing party “may use to support its claims or defenses . 230. Code Civ. 280(a) provided that “[a]ny documents produced in response to a demand for inspection, copying, testing, or sampling shall either be produced as they are kept in the usual course of business, or be organized and labeled to correspond with Jan 1, 2023 · California Code of Civil Procedure CCP CA CIV PRO Section 1245. P. P. 060. Proc. 020. 140 Current as of January 01, 2023 | Updated by FindLaw Staff The court may, in all cases, order allowance, accounting, contribution, or other compensatory adjustment among the parties according to the principles of equity. 1, litigants are required to meet and confer early in a case to craft a discovery plan and discuss preservation and production of ESI (definition: electronically stored information). Conclusion. 10 — 429. 285. , includes the applicable rules for eDiscovery of Electronically Stored Information (ESI). 280. 010, paragraph (a) (expressly providing for “copying, testing, or sampling” of Sep 20, 2017 · This third edition of the pocket guide on managing the discovery of electronically stored information (ESI) covers the December 1, 2015, amendments to the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure and reflects the rise of new sources of ESI, particularly social media, and updates judges on how ESI may be sea Jan 1, 2023 · (e) When a proceeding for dissolution of marriage has been filed in the county in which the petitioner has been a resident for three months next preceding the commencement of the proceeding, and the respondent at the time of the commencement of the proceeding is a resident of another county in this state, to the county of the respondent's residence when the ends of justice would be promoted by Jan 1, 2023 · Read this complete California Code, Code of Civil Procedure - CCP § 1219 on Westlaw FindLaw Codes may not reflect the most recent version of the law in your jurisdiction. 280(a) of the California Code of Civil Procedure. ” (CCP § 2016. Jan 1, 2023 · Read this complete California Code, Code of Civil Procedure - CCP § 1094. 280 - Production of documents in response to demand, Cal. Requesting ESI is just like demanding any other type of writing – a demand is served identifying the ESI to be produced. Feb 6, 2024 · The Scope of What Parties Must DiscloseNew Code of Civil Procedure section 2016. 3, 22445, 22446. 55 Current as of January 01, 2023 | Updated by FindLaw Staff An inspection warrant shall be effective for the time specified therein, but not for a period of more than 14 days, unless extended or renewed by the judge who signed and issued the original warrant, upon satisfying himself that Form in which documents to be produced; Form for producing electronically stored information; Translation of data, Cal Code Civ Proc § 2031. CCP Code § 2033. 020 (e)). Model Interrogatories Appendix G: Parliamentary Procedures for the Judicial Council of California; Appendix H: Amount of Civil Penalty to Cure Alleged Violation of Proposition 65 for Failure to Provide Certain Warnings (Health & Saf. 10, 416. 210. g. Indeed, the drafters of the California legislation stated that it was modeled after the FRCP chapter 1 - the pleadings in general (§§ 420 — 422. 090 and 2023. California civil procedure now include the following key rules regarding ESI: DEFINITION OF ESI: ESI is defined as Jan 1, 2023 · (a) In superior courts either party may bring an issue to trial or to a hearing, and, in the absence of the adverse party, unless the court, for good cause, otherwise directs, may proceed with the case and take a dismissal of the action, or a verdict, or judgment, as the case may require; provided, however, if the issue to be tried is an issue of fact, proof shall first be made to the Aug 19, 2023 · (a) When an inspection, copying, testing, or sampling of documents, tangible things, places, or electronically stored information has been demanded, the party to whom the demand has been directed, and any other party or affected person, may promptly move for a protective order. Response To Inspection Demand CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE SECTION 2031. ESI can include any information stored in an electronic medium such as on a computer hard drive or other portable electronic storage device used for storing computer files (a) In General. 724(8)] regarding reasonable and proportionate steps taken to Jan 1, 2023 · (a) In lieu of personal delivery of a copy of the summons and complaint to the person to be served as specified in Section 416. 20, 416. Dec 1, 2015 · The Guidelines and Checklist were updated effective December 1, 2015 to comport with the changes to the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure adopted by the Supreme Court and Congress. In 2009, the California Legislature passed California’s Electronic Discovery Act adding or amending several California discovery statutes to make provisions for electronic discovery. Riley (2003), 105 Cal. Jan 1, 2023 · California Code of Civil Procedure CCP CA CIV PRO Section 2023. 60) Part 4 - MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS (§§ 1855 — 2107) Jan 1, 2023 · (d) In a motion under subdivision (a) relating to the production of electronically stored information, the party or affected person objecting to or opposing the production, inspection, copying, testing, or sampling of electronically stored information on the basis that the information is from a source that is not reasonably accessible because of the undue burden or expense shall bear the The California Code of Civil Procedure (herein “CCP”) defines electronically stored information (“ESI”) as “information that is stored in an electronic medium. 010 | FindLaw The Federal Rules of Civil Procedure were amended effective December 1, 2006, to take account of ESI. California Civil Litigation and Discovery KFC 995 . 50, a summons may be served by leaving a copy of the summons and complaint during usual office hours in his or her office or, if no physical address is known, at his or her usual mailing address, other than a United States Postal Jul 6, 2021 · Under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 26(f) and some state court rules like Colorado’s CAPP Rule 6. 10 — 432. On September 27, 2008, Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger vetoed Assembly Bill 926 (Evans), which contained e-discovery amendments to California's Civil Discovery Act. Jan 1, 2023 · California Code, Code of Civil Procedure - CCP § 369. Code, § 26249. 285 | FindLaw Jan 1, 2023 · (a) Whenever the Attorney General prevails in a civil action to enforce Section 17537. California's Electronic Discovery Act adding or amending several California discovery statutes to make specific provisions for electronic discovery and ESI. 1, or 3494 of the Civil Code, the Corporate Securities Law of 1968 (Division 1 (commencing with Section 25000) of Title 4 of the Corporations Code or the 2023 California Code Code of Civil Procedure - CCP PART 4 - MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS TITLE 4 - CIVIL DISCOVERY ACT CHAPTER 14 - Inspection, Copying, Testing, Sampling, and Production of Documents, Electronically Stored Information, Tangible Things, Land, and Other Property ARTICLE 2 - Response to Inspection Demand Section 2031. 2023 California Code Code of Civil Procedure - CCP PART 4 - MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS TITLE 4 - CIVIL DISCOVERY ACT CHAPTER 16 - Requests for Admission ARTICLE 2 - Response to Requests For Admission Section 2033. 30) chapter 3 - objections to pleadings; denials and defenses (§§ 430. 2021 California Code Code of Civil Procedure - CCP PART 4 - MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS TITLE 4 - CIVIL DISCOVERY ACT CHAPTER 14 - Inspection, Copying, Testing, Sampling, and Production of Documents, Electronically Stored Information, Tangible Things, Land, and Other Property ARTICLE 2 - Response to Inspection Demand Section 2031. For months, if not years, many in the legal trenches in California, as well as outsiders looking in, have been waiting for updates in state court rules to better address ESI. § 2033. 5 on Westlaw FindLaw Codes may not reflect the most recent version of the law in your jurisdiction. Services v. 2022 California Code Code of Civil Procedure - CCP PART 4 - MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS TITLE 4 - CIVIL DISCOVERY ACT CHAPTER 14 - Inspection, Copying, Testing, Sampling, and Production of Documents, Electronically Stored Information, Tangible Things, Land, and Other Property ARTICLE 2 - Response to Inspection Demand Section 2031. App. California Practice Guide: Civil Procedure Before Trial KFC 995 . (b) In the first paragraph immediately below the title of the case, there shall appear the identity of the Jan 1, 2023 · California Code of Civil Procedure CCP CA CIV PRO Section 2017. 090(a)(4) Exceptions to Code of Civil Procedure § 2016. Jan 1, 2023 · Read this complete California Code, Code of Civil Procedure - CCP § 474 on Westlaw FindLaw Codes may not reflect the most recent version of the law in your jurisdiction. 20) Part 3 - OF SPECIAL PROCEEDINGS OF A CIVIL NATURE (§§ 1063 — 1822. 50 Current as of January 01, 2023 | Updated by FindLaw Staff (a) A demurrer to a complaint or cross-complaint may be taken to the whole complaint or cross-complaint or to any of the causes of action stated therein. This Note discusses complying with the duty to produce electronically stored information (ESI), including issuing a litigation hold, locating, preserving, collecting, processing, reviewing, and producing ESI, and preparing for the case management conference. Read the code on FindLaw California Code, Code of Civil Procedure - CCP § 2031. 30, 416. 5, 22958, 22962, or 22963 of the Business and Professions Code, Section 52, 52. ” Jan 1, 2023 · California Code, Code of Civil Procedure - CCP § 2016. Earlier this year, California enacted changes to the discovery provisions of its Code of Civil Procedure (CCP), many of which tracked the e-discovery revisions to the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (FRCP) that went into effect in December of 2006. The scope of electronic discovery in any particular case will depend largely upon the jurisdiction. A party may serve on any other party a request within the scope of Rule 26(b): (1) to produce and permit the requesting party or its representative to inspect, copy, test, or sample the following items in the responding party's possession, custody, or control: (1) In an action by a vendor to vacate a fraudulent purchase of property, or by a creditor to subject any property or fund to the creditor's claim, or between partners or others jointly owning or interested in any property or fund, on the application of the plaintiff, or of any party whose right to or interest in the property or fund, or the proceeds of the property or fund, is probable, and Amendment by Pub. W45. California Code of Civil Procedure CCP CA CIV PRO Section 2031. 40, or 416. . 1, 1981, see section 208 of Pub Jan 1, 2023 · California Code, Code of Civil Procedure - CCP § 94 Current as of January 01, 2023 | Updated by FindLaw Staff Discovery is permitted only to the extent provided by this section and Section 95 . 8 of the Civil Code, or who commits an offense described in subdivision (c) of Section 3485 of the Civil Code, or subdivision (c) of Section 3486 of the Civil Code, or uses the premises to further the purpose of that offense shall Jan 1, 2023 · California Code, Code of Civil Procedure - CCP § 732 Current as of January 01, 2023 | Updated by FindLaw Staff If a guardian, conservator, tenant for life or years, joint tenant, or tenant in common of real property, commit waste thereon, any person aggrieved by the waste may bring an action against him therefor, in which action there may be Jan 1, 2023 · (b) The service and filing of a notice of motion under subdivision (a) shall extend the defendant's time to plead until five days after service upon him of the written notice of entry of an order denying his motion, except that for good cause shown the court may extend the defendant's time to plead for an additional period not exceeding 15 days. Read the code on FindLaw California Code, Code of Civil Procedure - CCP § 1245. 010. 1. Please verify the status of the code you are researching with the state legislature or via Westlaw before relying on it for your legal needs. The Electronic Discovery Act added section 1985. Jan 1, 2023 · For purposes of this subdivision, a person who commits or maintains a public nuisance as described in Section 3482. 1, 1981, and applicable to adversary adjudication defined in section 504(b)(1)(C) of Title 5, and to civil actions and adversary adjudications described in section 2412 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure, which are pending on, or commenced on or after Oct. Previously, Section 2031. Read Section 2033. 010 et seq. 10) . Jan 1, 2023 · California Code, Code of Civil Procedure - CCP § 430. The Standing Order for all Judges of the Northern District of California requires that the parties’ Joint Case Management Statement include: Jan 1, 2023 · (a) If upon the trial, the verdict of the jury, or, if the case be tried without a jury, the findings of the court be in favor of the plaintiff and against the defendant, judgment shall be entered for the possession of the premises; and if the proceedings be for an unlawful detainer after neglect, or failure to perform the conditions or covenants of the lease or agreement under which the 2009 California Code of Civil Procedure - Section 2031. part 2 - of civil actions (§§ 307 — 1062. Jan 1, 2023 · California Code, Code of Civil Procedure - CCP § 92 Current as of January 01, 2023 | Updated by FindLaw Staff (a) The pleadings allowed are complaints, answers, cross-complaints, answers to cross-complaints and general demurrers. Apr 10, 2024 · A Guide to California’s Changes to Civil Discovery Rules. (a) Any documents produced in response to a demand for inspection, copying, testing, or sampling shall either be produced as they are kept in the usual course of business, or be organized and labeled to correspond with the categories in the demand. Jan 1, 2023 · In superior courts, upon the trial of a question of fact by the court, written findings of fact and conclusions of law shall not be required. Jan 1, 2023 · Read this complete California Code, Code of Civil Procedure - CCP § 1013 on Westlaw FindLaw Codes may not reflect the most recent version of the law in your jurisdiction. Code of Civil Procedure § 2016. 060, see flags on bad law, and search Casetext’s comprehensive legal database ESI that was lost, damaged or erased during routine, good faith operation of a system that stores ESI. 4th 1414 [preservation order & forensic exam of electronic storage media] Jan 1, 2023 · (5) After being restrained pursuant to a restraining order issued after a hearing pursuant to Chapter 1 (commencing with Section 6300) of Part 4 of Division 10 of the Family Code, and while the restraining order is still in place, they commenced, prosecuted, or maintained one or more litigations against a person protected by the restraining order in this or any other court or jurisdiction that Reflecting the ever increasing importance of ESI in litigated matters, the California Legislature, as of January 1, 2016, via Assembly Bill 1197, amended CCP section 2025. 5. Dodge, Warren & Peters Ins. 280, see flags on bad law, and search Casetext’s comprehensive legal database Jan 27, 2020 · SB 370 amended Section 2031. Under the new Act, the party requesting production of electronically stored information (ESI) may specify the format in which it should be produced (e. 1(b) of the California Code of Civil Procedure, other individuals may file motions to quash if their consumer records, employment records, or “personally identifying information” are contained in the documents sought by the subpoena. (b) “ Court ” means the trial court in which the action is pending, unless otherwise specified. Cal. California Forms of Pleading and Practice KFC 1010 . In previous years, C. 7(k)) Appendix I: Emergency Rules Related to COVID-19 (updated: 3/15/2022) Mar 16, 2023 · The new law, which took effect January 1, 2020, amended California’s Code of Civil Procedure (“C. California Discovery Citations KFC 1020 . Often, as a result of these meet and confer efforts, the “E-Discovery Basics”California Litigation: The Journal of the Litigation Section, State Bar of California, August 2005. The new rules are similar to provisions for E-Discovery found in the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. 030 Jan 1, 2023 · California Code, Code of Civil Procedure - CCP Current as of January 01, 2023 | Updated by FindLaw Staff Welcome to FindLaw's Cases & Codes, a free source of state and federal court opinions, state laws, and the United States Code. (CCP 2031. 060 - Request for admissions, Cal. The difference is that a request for ESI should specify the form in which the data is to be produced. , Code of Civil Procedure section 2031. 060 - 2033. F56. 8 and revised sections 2016 and 2031 of the CCP. (c) The party or affected person who seeks a protective order regarding the production, inspection, copying, testing, or sampling of electronically stored information on the basis that the information is from a source that is not reasonably accessible because of undue burden or expense shall bear the burden of demonstrating that the information is from a source that is not reasonably the code of civil procedure of california preliminary provisions; part 1 - of courts of justice [35 - 286] part 2 - of civil actions [307 Jan 1, 2023 · Read this complete California Code, Code of Civil Procedure - CCP § 431. 240. The rules were first adopted by order of the Supreme Court on December 20, 1937, transmitted to Congress on January 3, 1938, and effective September 16, 1938. San Diego, Calif. The court shall issue a statement of decision explaining the factual and legal basis for its decision as to each of the principal controverted issues at trial upon the request of any party appearing at the trial. 2022 California Code Code of Civil Procedure - CCP PART 1 - OF COURTS OF JUSTICE TITLE 1 - ORGANIZATION AND JURISDICTION CHAPTER 6 - General Provisions Respecting Courts of Justice ARTICLE 2 - Incidental Powers and Duties of Courts Section 129. Jan 1, 2023 · (c) Outside the United States, as provided in this chapter or as directed by the court in which the action is pending, or, if the court before or after service finds that the service is reasonably calculated to give actual notice, as prescribed by the law of the place where the person is served or as directed by the foreign authority in response to a letter rogatory. 090(b)-(c) Jan 1, 2023 · California Code, Code of Civil Procedure - CCP § 659a Current as of January 01, 2023 | Updated by FindLaw Staff Within 10 days of filing the notice, the moving party shall serve upon all other parties and file any brief and accompanying documents, including affidavits in support of the motion. ”5 In Toshiba, the court of appeals reversed a decision of the trial court, and held that the cost-shifting provisions of California Code of Civil Procedure section 2031(g)(1) were mandatory, thus, the After the parties have met and conferred, you should weave into the joint report (or CMC statement if you’re in state court) the following ESI paragraph: “The parties have met and conferred pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 26(f) [California Rules of Court, Rule 3. Jan 1, 2023 · (iv) The judge will select a dispute resolution neutral or entity to conduct an alternative dispute resolution process in the matter before the judge, and among those available for selection is an individual or entity with whom the judge has the arrangement, with whom the judge has previously been employed or served, or with whom the judge is discussing or has discussed the employment or service. The purpose of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure is "to secure the just, speedy, and inexpensive determination of every action and proceeding. 280 | FindLaw Oct 29, 2019 · While California's ESI rules closely follow the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, there are a couple of notable differences: The federal rules do not require the production of ESI that is "not reasonably accessible because of the undue burden or cost,"[24] and the requesting party bears the burden of showing good cause before a claimed A Practice Note addressing electronic discovery (e-discovery) in California state court litigation. § 2031. 220. California Code of Civil Procedure Section 2031. 050, effective January 1, 2024. " Fed. Under § 1987. Read this complete California Code, Code of Civil Procedure - CCP § 85 on Westlaw FindLaw Codes may not reflect the most recent version of the law in your jurisdiction. California Code, Code of Civil Procedure - CCP § 631 Current as of January 01, 2023 | Updated by FindLaw Staff (a) The right to a trial by jury as declared by Section 16 of Article I of the California Constitution shall be preserved to the parties inviolate. G674. (a) A party requesting admissions shall number each set of requests consecutively. 320 :: Article 2. 40) chapter 2 - pleadings demanding relief (§§ 425. California Code, Code of Civil Procedure - CCP § 872. 30 on Westlaw FindLaw Codes may not reflect the most recent version of the law in your jurisdiction. 5 , the clerk of the superior court , must keep, with the records of the court, a book called the “judgment book,” in which judgments must be entered. C. 280 Summary (a) Any documents or category of documents produced in response to a demand for inspection, copying, testing, or sampling shall be identified with the specific request number to which the Jan 1, 2023 · Read this complete California Code, Code of Civil Procedure - CCP § 269 on Westlaw FindLaw Codes may not reflect the most recent version of the law in your jurisdiction. Jun 20, 2016 · California. The term “electronic” is defined as “relating to technology having electrical, digital, magnetic, wireless, optical, electromagnetic, or similar 2023 California Code Code of Civil Procedure - CCP PART 4 - MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS TITLE 4 - CIVIL DISCOVERY ACT CHAPTER 16 - Requests for Admission ARTICLE 1 - Requests For Admission Section 2033. L. A65 C3 (Ready Reference) Electronic Access: On the Law Library’s computers, using Lexis Advance. Jun 24, 2024 · 4. 230 | FindLaw California Code of Civil Procedure CCP CA CIV PRO Section 2031. Read the code on FindLaw We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. 280 allowed litigants to choose how they produced documents in response to a request for production. Jan 1, 2023 · (d) If a party objects to the discovery of electronically stored information on the grounds that it is from a source that is not reasonably accessible because of undue burden or expense and that the responding party will not search the source in the absence of an agreement with the demanding party or court order, the responding party shall identify in its response the types or categories of the code of civil procedure of california preliminary provisions; part 1 - of courts of justice [35 - 286] part 2 - of civil actions [307 Dec 26, 2023 · As to demanding compliance with this rule, Code of Civil Procedure § 2016. (c) “ Document ” and “ writing ” mean a writing, as defined in Section 250 of the Evidence a classic source of ESI that courts treat as “not reasonably accessible. In certain respects, ESI has made the discovery process more Jan 1, 2023 · California Code, Code of Civil Procedure - CCP § 668 Current as of January 01, 2023 | Updated by FindLaw Staff Except as provided in Section 668. 090(a)(4) explains that: A party’s obligations under this section may be enforced by a court on its own motion or the motion of a party to compel disclosure. 210-2031. Civ. The California Civil Discovery Act, Cal Code Civ Proc § 2016. 050. Jan 1, 2023 · California Code, Code of Civil Procedure - CCP § 365 Current as of January 01, 2023 | Updated by FindLaw Staff Failure to comply with this chapter shall not invalidate any proceedings of any court of this state, nor shall it affect the jurisdiction of the court to render a judgment therein. 220 adding new language in (a)(7) and (8). 320. See, e. R. Indeed, during a recent MCLE event on ESI discovery attended by the author, a Magistrate Judge from the Southern District of California acting as a panel moderator expressed surprise that he didn’t see a 502(d) order in every federal case involving ESI these days. Challenges to a Third-Party Subpoena in California Jun 5, 2018 · Scope of Electronic Discovery. 1, 55. , native format, or TIFF, with or Jan 1, 2023 · (c) If a responding party gives lack of information or knowledge as a reason for a failure to admit all or part of a request for admission, that party shall state in the answer that a reasonable inquiry concerning the matter in the particular request has been made, and that the information known or readily obtainable is insufficient to enable that party to admit the matter. Because these rules preceded California’s adoption of statutes and rules pertaining to the discovery of ESI by 30 to 36 months, the federal ESI case law is better developed. 2023 California Code Code of Civil Procedure - CCP PART 4 - MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS TITLE 4 - CIVIL DISCOVERY ACT CHAPTER 14 - Inspection, Copying, Testing, Sampling, and Production of Documents, Electronically Stored Information, Tangible Things, Land, and Other Property ARTICLE 2 - Response to Inspection Demand Section 2031. Read the code on FindLaw California Code, Code of Civil Procedure - CCP § 2017. 210 | FindLaw California Code of Civil Procedure CCP CA CIV PRO Section 2031. 010, subdivision (a) (now expressly providing for “copying, testing, or sampling” of “electronically stored information in the possession, Jan 1, 2023 · California Code, Code of Civil Procedure - CCP § 1171 Current as of January 01, 2023 | Updated by FindLaw Staff Whenever an issue of fact is presented by the pleadings, it must be tried by a jury, unless such jury be waived as in other cases. (a) “ Action ” includes a civil action and a special proceeding of a civil nature. Jan 1, 2023 · California Code, Code of Civil Procedure - CCP § 1822. gl dm wm py tq bg nm kb ls od