Bleaching in textile slideshare. The source of Mar 29, 2018 · 5.

Bleaching in textile slideshare It is a pretreatment process of dyeing and printing which removes natural color from the fabric to get a bright white fabric. TEXTILES TEXTILES All the Textiles are Polymers All the Textiles are Polymers Poly (many); Poly (many); Mer (single unit) Mer (single unit) Example: Ethylene n(CH Example: Ethylene n(CH2 2=CH =CH2 2) [Monomer] is formed ) [Monomer] is formed to Polyethylene –(CH to Polyethylene –(CH2 2-CH -CH2 2) )n n- - Functionality of polymer The purpose of bleaching is to make the fabric amendable for subsequent processes of coloration and finishing. Introduction : India is the world’s third largest producer of cotton textile—after China and USA—and the second largest cotton consumer after China. Literature review Introduction Comprehensive literature reviews of the investigation of combined desizing, scouring, bleaching effect with H2O2 would be discussed in this chapter. C. • For dark shade of dyeing we can reduce our cost by removing any of this process. BleachingBleaching To decolorize the natural coloring matter in the cottonTo decolorize the natural coloring matter in the cotton using bleaching agentsusing bleaching agents To facilitate the textile material( yarn/fabric ) Apr 24, 2021 · The slide contains advances (recent developments) in textile pretreatment called desizing, scouring, and bleaching. Hydrolytic method: Rot Stepping; Acid Stepping; Alkali Stepping; Enzymatic Stepping; They are discussed below: 1. • Other bleaching agents, of lesser importance to textile preparation but important in consumer laundry products, are perborates, percarbonates and peracetic acid. • Toga Candida: If a citizen wanted to run for election, he would bleach his toga extremely bright to stand out from the 2. It contains carbonyl chromophore. It makes fabrics hydrophilic and absorbent. Name : Abdullah Al Mahfuj Department : Textile. Textiles are formed by weaving, knitting, crocheting, knotting, or felting. Dilute acids can’t do harm to the fiber 3 Effect of alkali Strong alkali destroy the fiber and strength reduces 4 Organic solvent Resistant to organic solvents 5 Effect of 32. 1 National Institute of Textile Engineering & Research (NITER) Nayarhat, Savar, Dhaka REPORT ON INDUSTRIAL ATTACHMENT SOUTH CHINA BLEACHING & DYEING FACTORY Ltd. After scouring and bleaching, the grease and wax on the knitted fabric fibers are removed, and the fibers do not slide easily when sewing and are easily broken by the needle, resulting in the dispersion of the loops, so it is often necessary to carry out soft treatment, i. It works by saponification, emulsification, and solubilization using alkalis, Eco friendly textiles part- 1 - Download as a PDF or view online for free chlorinated carbon. 4. dyeing, printing. • In chemical pulping chlorine, sodium or calcium hypochlorite and chlorine dioxide are used. Specky fiber : improper retting and washing causes foreign materials to stuck with the fiber and spot is created . Common batch machines include kiers for scouring cotton ropes, jiggers for pre-treating open-width fabrics, and winches for processing delicate fabrics with low tension. The objective of bleaching is to remove the natural color for the following steps such as dyeing or printing or to achieve full Jul 24, 2014 · • Bleach oxidizes compounds (stains, dye, germs) by breaking chemical bonds and inserting oxygen or by converting C=C and/or C=O double bonds to single bonds. CONCLUSION • Now a days scouring and bleaching must be done in same machine with combined recipe. 5,000 Dozens/month 1 Fiber Bleaching Plant 150,000 kg/month Power Generation Plant I 60 Mega Watts Power Generation Plant II 225 Mega Watts Sapphire T E X T I L E S 18. Removing the gum improves the sheen, Jan 27, 2017 · 17. The document outlines the general concept of dyeing which involves dyes, chemicals, auxiliaries, dyeing machines, parameters, materials, and utilities to produce dyed 3. • e. • Oxygen pre-bleaching becomes more important in order to reduce chlorine Scouring is a process that removes natural and added impurities from textiles to make them more absorbent and suitable for dyeing and finishing. Examples: 3. An Introduction. Scouring(Caustic soda, soda ash, detergent ) iv. g. The usual bleaching agents are sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide, and sodium peroxide. The basic mechanical anisotropy is a consideration in knitted fabrics, eleven properties, such as tensile, bending, shearing, of the tests Peracetic acid is commercially available for textile bleaching in 5, 15 and 40% solutions as What is known as "equilibrium peracid". It is presented by Subrata Kumar Chanda Uthpal, a student with ID 143003007 studying textile engineering. BLEACHING 8/7/2021 18 • The lightening of the colour of tooth through the application of a chem ical agent to oxidize the organic pigmentation in the tooth. 140 INDIAN J. INTRODUCTION Textile industry is concerned with design and production of yarn and cloth and their distribution. Discover the future of textiles at Bharat Tex 2025 | Know More Feb 18, 2012 · Bleaching agents are manufactured by different types of chemical manufacturing companies. 8 g/L, 2. Pulping and Bleaching PSE 476. When the load is removed, recovery from the crease is restricted by the new positioning of the cross links and textile will Bleaching Mechanisms The exact mechanisms of tooth bleaching have not yet been fully elucidated; however, it is generally believed that free radicals produced by H2O2 may be responsible for bleaching effects, and they are similar to that in textile and paper bleaching. Desizing, Scouring and Bleaching are frequently undertakes as three separate steps in preparatory stages of Textile Wet Processing. wool Fiber Yarn Fabric Processed Fabric Final Garment/ Apparel Fiber Producer • Fiber extraction and yarn production bleaching, dyeing, softening, 2. The process of dyeing 3. Historic textile costumes- Rome (1). The proper range of pH values in dyeing & finishing process are given below: Dyeing Finishing Pre-treatment & After-treatment process: pH range 1. e,g a cation exchanger in the Na form when contacted with a sol of cacl2 will scavenge the Ca ions from the solution and The document provides details about an internship at Jaya Shree Textiles, the largest manufacturer of linen fabric in India. Generally, surface tension between textile fibres, and water is high, and hence wetting of the fibre surface does not take place thoroughly and quickly. To retain a good appearance of a fabric , they must have good crease recovery from unwanted creases occur in fabric usage and laundering. European countries is required to consist of at least four and sometimes five symbols in the following such as washing, bleaching, ironing, dry-cleaning & drying. Hailed as being the backbone of 13. It was first introduced in 1960s. -It brings the textile materials The object of bleaching is to produce white fabrics by destroying the colorings matter with the help of bleaching agents with minimum degradation of the fiber [1]. ” Intrinsic color Chlorine bleach is known to be extremely toxic to the environment and to consumers, yet chlorine based chemicals are still often used to bleach fabrics. Ozone bleaching - Download as a PDF or view online for free In the textile industry, the antichlor is usually added right before the end of the bleaching process. Screening Coarse suspended matters such as rags, pieces of Sapphire Textiles is a leading textile group in Pakistan with over 50 years of experience. 1 Laboratory dyeing and color matching of textile fabrics Definition of dyeing is “the application of one single color uniformly to the textile substrate”. FIBRE TEXT. • It is usually carried out by means of chemicals selected according to the chemical composition of the fibre. Karcahi university • 10 years ago Bleaching of teeth. Woven and knitwear fabric that made of wool, cotton and silk are not white owing to their natural color or contamination in the preceding process, 6. INDIGO DYES Indigo dye is an organic compound with a distinctive blue color Historically, indigo was a natural dye extracted from plants. Heat-sealed tea bag paper usually has a heat-sealable thermoplastic such as PVC or polypropylene, as a component fiber (100% non-woven technical textile) on inner side of the teabag surface. After the formation of fabric it has a fuzzy or hairy appearance due to projecting fibers, thus affecting the luster and smoothness Unsigned fabrics are soiled easily The protruding fibers obstruct the subsequent dyeing and printing process Goods which are to be mercerized • Kalamkari or Qalamkari is a type of hand-painted or block-printed cotton textile, produced in parts of India. It explains that the aim of bleaching is to remove color from fibers through oxidative or reductive processes. Antichlor's are used mainly on fiber and textiles, Rinsing with water should follow the antichlor treatment in order to flush out by-products of the procedure. 2 1. Continuous ranges are used whenever large volume of fabric are being processed. H2O2 diffuses through the enamel and dentin, producing free radicals that Textile Auxiliaries. Akash Baranwal 4. It describes the mechanisms and objectives of bleaching as well as factors that influence bleaching processes and agents. Yarn is produced by spinning raw fibers of wool, flax, cotton, or other material to produce long strands. Defects of jute fiber Rooty fiber : this problem is caused by improper decomposition or retting of jute . STAGE 2- Natural bleaching (with cow-dung and plain cold water) is done for removing the starch in 2. 5%) and a value of 9 means the starch content is very low (0. The document provides details on scouring of different natural and synthetic fibers 17. 0 g/L and 2. Caporit in form of bleaching powder is strong oksidator and is generally used Jan 9, 2025 · The textile bleaching (or bleaching of textiles) is one of the steps in the textile manufacturing process. is used for printing. But today nearly all indigo dye is produced synthetically. It describes how pollutants from textile manufacturing can interfere with living organisms. Preparation Processes: • To provide color to the textile for either • i) Aesthetic purpose or ii) Functional purpose. Textile is the largest industrial sector and generates the country’s highest export earnings of about 58%. - Individual flow charts for weft knitting, warp knitting, jute yarn manufacturing, and garment finishing. So, bleaching should be perfect for getting a better dyeing performance. Sedimentation • This process is particularly useful for treatment of wastes containing high percentage of settable solids or when the waste is subjected to combined treatment with sewage. 23 Dyeing / Printing (2/2) • In the printing process, the dyes are applied locally on the fabric to produce the desired design • During printing, the dyes are applied on only one side of the fabric • Printing can be done Textile chemical Processing: Theory and practice of Preparatory Processes (Web) Syllabus; Co-ordinated by : IIT Delhi; Available from : 2015-03-13. European Care Labeling System This system was developed by the International Association for Textile Care labelling (GINETEX). The fabric moves continuously through stages and compartments which provide the chemicals, time, temperature and rinsing needed for This document contains several textile manufacturing process flow charts, including: - A flow chart showing the wet processing steps from grey fabric inspection to final delivery. 5% to 8. Separation of chlorine bleach materials, except the sodium chlorite from the bleached synthetic fibers 3. Reaction: Redox potential of NaOCl is (1400-1550), here “O” is responsible for Bleaching. • In Eco textiles mills, the bleaching method must be oxygen-based Answer: The pH values in garments can be greatly affected by Scouring, Bleaching, After- treatment (Dyeing & Printing) & Final washing process. Sponsored. The M: L is generally quite high (1:10-1:18). Asraful Haque ID: 111-23-132 Sep 2, 2020 · 34. • The color-producing stains are typically organic compounds that possess extended conjugated chains of alternating single or double bonds and often include heteroatoms, carbonyl and phenyl rings in conjugated system, Hydrolytic Method; Oxidative Method; A. Arsenic, mercury and their mixtures 5. Reactive dyeing specifically uses reactive dyes along with dispersing agents, leveling agents, and anti 9. pptx - Download as a PDF or view online for free de-sizing agents, and leveling agents. The document outlines the general concept of dyeing which involves dyes, chemicals, auxiliaries, dyeing machines, parameters, materials, and utilities to produce dyed This presentation provides an introduction to textiles. So enzyme is more popular. India, China, and Bangladesh are leading producers. Bleaching(sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) or hydrogen peroxide (H202)) v. Industry. Textiles. Objectives of bleaching are: -It removes natural color from textile materials. Bleaching (by H ₂O ₂) 10. Dyeing can be done at any stage of the manufacturing of textile- fiber, yarn, fabric or a finished textile product 6. e. SPAAER,1961, gave a mixture of sodium perborate with water to be placed in pulp chamber Sep 8, 2015 · 14. In Eco textiles mills, the bleaching method must be oxygen-based The entire liquid waste from the textile mills comes from the following operation of i. Sodium hypochlorite is the strongest oxidative bleach -used in textile processing. • But in light shade those two process must be needed. • In 1884, Harlan used hydrogen peroxide for the first time which he called as hydrogen dioxide. 14. 34. It forms H20 2 and urea in aqueous solution. Both the methods require copious amounts of water Advantages of A basic knowledge of dyeing process and related terms are quite important to understand dyeing theory. • Textile wastewater includes a large variety of dyes and chemical additions that make the environmental challenge for textile industry not only as liquid waste but also in its chemical composition. Here arise large quantity of waste in terms of water, energy and other chemical substances which will directly or indirectly affects BLEACHING • The objective of bleaching is to remove the natural color for the following steps such as dyeing or printing or to achieve full white. During the renaissance, Indian chintz was imported to Europe, where it became popular and was imitated. Pthalogen blue /Alcian blue dyes – Pthalogen blue dyes give puse and brilliant peacock blue shade and Alcian blue Dye give brilliant turquoise/ green shades. Therefore a thorough ‘bleach clean- up’ is necessary • The traditional method is to neutralize the bleach with a reducing agent or to rinse with hot water. BLEACHING Bleaching means the removal of the all color impurities. Intrinsic stainsIntrinsic stains ““located within the tooth and arelocated within the tooth and are accessible only by bleaching. Sizing(caboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)) ii. Sanjiv Kamat 9 "Dyestone® X Color" is neither pigment nor dyestuff, but a patented new generation of textile colorants that fully utilize micro-encapsulating technology. The use of enzymes in the textile chemical processing is rapidly gaining 39. Textile printing is related to dyeing but in dyeing ,the whole fabric is uniformly covered with one colour, On the other hand,in printing one or more colours are applied to it in certain parts 11. It has 24 manufacturing facilities across Pakistan with over 16,000 employees. The fabric is then allowed to stand for about 24 h at 35°C–40°C or overnight at 60°C in an open space or in After scouring and bleaching, the grease and wax on the knitted fabric fibers are removed, and the fibers do not slide easily when sewing and are easily broken by the needle, resulting in the dispersion of the loops, so it is often necessary to carry out soft treatment, i. Specific pollution issues from desizing, Unit 1 - Introduction 3 Textile wet processing Textile wet processing is the process that use in any finishing treatment. The presentation Scouring is a process that removes natural and added impurities from textiles to make them more absorbent and suitable for dyeing and finishing. Textile And Environment • Download as PPTX, PDF • 13 likes • 12,994 views. It begins by explaining what enzymes are and how they have been used in textile processing for over 2000 years, such as removing starch from cloth. • The sedimentation tanks are designed to enable smaller and lighter particles to settle under gravity. The fastness of a color can vary with the type of dye, the particular shade used, the depth of shade and how well the dyeing process has been carried out. The document discusses the the source of natural color is organic compounds with conjugated double bonds, by doing chemical bleaching the discoloration takes place by breaking chromophore. It is the second most produced textile fiber in the world after cotton. Cotton accounts for 40% of the total global fibre production and is the most important fibre in the world. It describes the various processes involved in linen fabric production from bale opening to packaging, including hackling, drawing, roving, wet spinning, dyeing, warping, weaving, bleaching, and quality inspection. Application Of Bio-technology In Textile Wet processing Introduction: The textile wet processing sector is the one of the biggest production sector of Asia which drain highest amount of hazardous effluent and directly involved to create ambient problem now it is became serious problem to major textile producing zones like Pakistan ,China, India Introduction to preparatory processes in textile chemical processing singeing, desizing, scouring, bleaching and optical whitening. Specifically for cotton materials, it describes how Karmakar, Chemical Technology In The Pre-treatment Processes Of Textiles. These agents either oxidise 7 Charasterictic of Bleaching Treatment 1. Pretreatment processes like desizing, scouring, and bleaching also rely on auxiliaries to improve fabric properties before dyeing. Chemicals may also be added to the finished product to obtain different functions. Enzymatic Scouring or Bio-Scouring can simply be defined as the Mar 27, 2021 · Answer: The pH values in garments can be greatly affected by Scouring, Bleaching, After- treatment (Dyeing & Printing) & Final washing process. Rot steeping: The fabric is padded with warm water (40°C) and is squeezed to about 100% expression. Speculation concerning the amounts and types of air pollutants emitted from textile operations have been widespread but, generally, air For other purposes, it has to be bleached. Hasan Mojumdar ID: 111-23-129 Md. PRINTING Printing is the process of applying colour to fabric in definite patterns or designs. exists in the form of white crystals or as a crystallized powder containing approximately 35% H20 2. National Institute Of Textile Engineering & Research (NITER) INDUSTRIAL ATTACHMENT ON SOUTH CHINA BLEACHING & DYEING FACTORY Ltd. ”accessible only by bleaching. Effect of Bleach: Harmful. However the appearance of the textile substrate is some what creamish after the bleaching, therefore chemical treatments are Nov 28, 2023 · Bleaching of textiles has been practiced for a very long time. DEPZ, GONOKBARI, SAVAR, DHAKA Duration (Two Months) SUPERVISING TEACHER CO-SUPERVISING TEACHER Rony Mia A. dewatering and then dipping and rolling paraffin emulsion and drying. Aug 3, 2017 · 1. It defines textile wet processing as subjecting textile materials to liquids for modification or value addition. Page 2 of 19 Chemicals use in Bangladesh Textile Industry Size Chemicals: Generally starch of maize, corn rice, potato & CMC, PVA, PVC are used as adhesive. Title Introduction : Most of the operations in the textile processing such as scouring, bleaching, dyeing and printing are carried out by use of basic chemicals like acid, alkalis oxidizing, reducing agents dyestuffs May 3, 2014 · 3. After bleaching, materials need to be neutralized for the next process. scouring, bleaching, etc. 15. IE materials are capable of exchanging soluble ions and cations with electrolyte solutions. Textile printing is an ancient art form found on cloth in Egyptian tombs dating to about 5000B. Lec : 1; Bleaching. Machinery for textile preparation can be classified as batch, semi-continuous, or continuous. Dye molecules are fixed to the fiber by absorption, diffusion, or bonding with temperature and time 2. Destroy all bonds in wool fiber . Title Introduction : Most of the operations in the textile processing such as scouring, bleaching, dyeing and printing are carried out by use of basic chemicals like acid, alkalis oxidizing, reducing agents dyestuffs 2. The fiber goes through cultivation, harvesting, retting, stripping, washing, drying, baling, and packing processes. pptx - Download as a PDF or view online for free. The primary role of bleach in automatic dishwashing and warewashing is to reduce spotting and filming. The cross links may break and join in new positions. 2 g/L) taken from 5% stock solution of hydrogen peroxide were considered for the experiment. 3. 12. A surfactant is a substance which, when applied in low concentration, markedly reduces the surface tension of a solution. Lecture #8 Kraft Pulping: Early Reactions and Kraft Pulping Lignin Reactions. The design is engraved onto the copper roller, which is then electroplated with chrome for durability. Textile Industry is one of the sectors in Pakistan which provides high employment opportunities and has had a substantial contribution to the growth and development of the country. Dyeing Various dyes, salts, alkali, soap When to Mercerize •In Greige •Any step during preparation •After bleaching 5. Textile effluent treatment - Download as a PDF or view online for free 2. Subrata Uthpal Follow. The discovery of peroxide bleaching in 1925 has gradually resulted in replacement of other bleaching processes with peroxide/per-oxygen 17. Now a days, it is becoming important to consumers that the clothes they buy are well made and of high quality material. 04%) The test is known as “Iodine test for starch” or “Tegwa violet scale” Iodine is added to the de-sized fabric The colour Waste water from textile industry - Download as a PDF or view online for free grease, Na2CO3, fragment of cloth Strong alkaline, weak color, high BOD (30% of the total) 3. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT,FUNCTION, MECHANISM, PROPERTIES & IT’S USES The coloring matter ,whether it is natural or present as a conta- minant in the fiber is generally decolorized by different bleaching methods. Winch dyeing machines are a low cost design that is simple to operate and maintain, yet versatile in application proving invaluable for preparation, washing or after treatments as well as the Roller printing is a textile printing technique invented in 1783 that uses engraved copper rollers instead of hand-carved blocks. Matsui International's insoluble colors are Textile finishing stains - Download as a PDF or view online for free and flushing. Where, this process is applied on textile in form of liquid with involves some for chemical action on the textile. Dyeing Dyeing is the application of dyes or pigments on textile materials such as fibers, yarns, and fabrics with the goal of achieving color with desired color fastness. The bleaching agent was applied to the outside Buccal surface and was expected to penetrate through the enamel. • The process of bleaching gives the sparkling whiteness to the fabric and make it suitable for further processing. This is a very common problem in single This presentation provides an overview of different types of textile fibres, including their properties and uses. Textile bleaching process is a chemical treatment employed for the removal of natural coloring matter from the substrate. Scouring 12. The presentation defines textiles as fibers, yarns or fabrics made from fibers and traces the history of textiles back to fibers found in a Georgian cave. Hydrogen peroxide is Dec 15, 2016 · The document discusses various bleaching agents and methods. In properly printed fabrics the colour is bonded with the fiber, so as to resist washing and friction. Cotton as a crop as well as a commodity plays an important role in the agrarian and industrial activities of the 2. The amount of starch present is calculated The Tegwa value is evaluated Tegwa scale have 9 readings from 1 to 9 A reading of 1 means the starch content is very high (around 2. A. Desizing(mineral acid) iii. • In 1961, Spasser described Walking Bleach Technique. Peracetic acid can be prepared by the interaction of concentrated hydro- gen peroxide and acetic acid in the presence of strong mineral acid such as sulphuric acid [81, 82]. The bleaching agents either oxidize or reduce the coloring matter which is washed out and whiteness thus obtained is of permanent nature. Bleach Enzymes While enzymes can also be thought to support or replace the effect of oxidizing agents in laundry detergents, and development efforts have sought enzymes with this function, no such enzyme has been introduced into detergents yet. Winch dyeing machine is a rather old dyeing machine for fabrics in rope form with stationary liquor and moving material. adds colour to the textile dyeing - Download as a PDF or view online for free – (6) Excellent ,washing light rubbing bleaching fastness . 5]; At lower PH: HOCl→HCl + [O] If we add more acid reaction moves to the left and NaOH is neutralized and Mar 14, 2015 · 4. The enzymes used in the textile field are amylases, catalase, and laccase which are used to remove the starch, degrading excess hydrogen peroxide, bleaching textiles and degradin g lignin. Air emissions include dust, oil mists, acid vapours, odours and boiler exhausts. When a fiber is bent, two things can happen 1. Bleaching Hypochlorite/H2O2, Cl2, NaOH, acids Alkaline (5% BOD) 4. Duration : 17th December to 8th February SUPERVISING TEACHER Rony Mia Lecturer Department of Wet Processing Engineering National Institute of Textile Engineering & Research Nayarhat, Savar, 2. the material appears whiter after the bleaching scouring and bleaching run together in same bath so, the temp. 5 2. There are two ways of adding colour to a textile substrate – Dyeing Dyeing completely covers the textile with colour --Printing. Chemical bleaching of textile fibers is 7. Various textile production steps like cultivation, manufacturing, dyeing and finishing are mentioned. It also influences the inner properties of fibers. Multiple rollers can be used to print one repeat of a design onto fabric passing over a central cylinder. Application of microwaves in textile finishing processes ADVANTAGE Microwave radiation for textile finishing has been used for the combined desizing, scouring and bleaching processes ,dyeing and drying Textile And Environment - Download as a PDF or view online for free. Composition Of Commercial Bleaching Thickening agents: Carbopol (carboxypolymethylene) is the most commonly used thickening agent in bleaching materials. Introduction to Textile • Download as PPTX, PDF • 33 likes • 37,083 views. Tamarinis used as adhesive on jute yarn. Characteristics of textile effluents Diverse in Nature Contain large variety of organic and inorganic materials used in • Degumming : is the process of removing the sericin, or silk gum, from silk. All of the bleaching agents do not have the same characteristics. NaOCl +H2O→NaOH + HOCl [PH 11 to 11. Chemicals are used in the manufacture and treatment of textiles. Key steps involve saponification of oils and emulsification of waxes. The use of enzymes in textile industry is one of the most rapidly growing field in industr ial enzymology. 2 days ago · Bleaching is an important process of wet processes in the textile industry. Shad Ibna Shoiel Follow. Shenai-Page-22 Chemicals used in Bleaching process & their function: Bleaching is the destruction of natural coloring matters to produce a white material & must be 15. Jute is a natural fiber obtained from the stems of the jute plant. SPAAER,1961, gave a mixture of sodium perborate with water to be placed in pulp chamber Bleaching - Download as a PDF or view online for free. Chemical Properties No Values/Result Parameters 1 Effect of bleaching Not affected by oxidizing and reducing bleaching agents 2 Effect of acid Destroyed by hot concentrated acids. It describes the mechanisms of bleaching using oxidative agents like 4 Objectives of Bleaching To produce white fabrics by destroying the colouring matter with the help of bleaching agents with minimum degradation of the fibers. Textiles, Bleaching and Dyeing. A good surfactant, for example, will reduce the surface tension of water from 72 dynes/cm to 30 3. A surfactant is a substance which, when applied in low concentration, May 8, 2017 · 3. 1 Importance of Bio-Technology in Textile Processing: The importance of using bio-technology in Textile is worth-mentioning. • In mechanical pulping most common agents are sodium or hydrogen peroxide and sodium hydrosulphite used alone or in combination. It discusses natural fibres like cotton, silk and wool as well as man-made fibres such as rayon, polyamide, polyester, and acrylic. DYEING • The application of color to the whole body of a textile material with some degree of fastness. Prior to bleaching with hypochlorite, it is necessary to thoroughly scour fabrics to remove fats, waxes and pectin impurities. Bleaching • Download as PPTX, PDF • 1 like • 731 views. rewari (8168534366), haryana India. RES. • In future, we can imagine that the all pretreatment Apr 10, 2018 · 2. • To make the textiles suitable for coloration or finishing • To ensure the textiles has right physical and chemical properties which enable them to be colored / finished. Continuous Preperation • • 1. Block prints were first seen imported from India to the 2. The study comprises the effect of different bleaching parameters on scoured single jersey cotton fabrics. Greek fabrics dating from the 4th century B. 3 1. Jan 27, 2017 · The objective of bleaching is to remove these color bodies and produce a white fabric using oxidizing bleaching agents while minimizing fiber damage. The solution of these problems often hinges on the proper choice or 30. Textile Technology A textile or cloth is a flexible woven material consisting of a network of natural or artificial fibers often referred to as thread or yarn. Many textiles are bleached to remove any remaining soil and colored compounds before dyeing and finishing. Fastness is the resistance of a textile material to specific chemical agencies. Souring & Bleaching: Alkyl phenol ethoxylates (APEOs) such as nonyl phenol ethoxylates and octyl phenol ethoxylates used Textile supply chain. Submit Search . Abdullah Al Mahfuj Follow. Textiles: Dyeing • Dyes give color to fabric. 2. •These processes require the input of a wide range of chemicals and dyestuffs, Bleaching is a chemical process which removes the natural color of Textile fibres. • Andrea Wynne, The Motivate Series : Textiles • slideshare. Textile industry comprises large quantity of water and also need various chemicals and dyeing agents for the process. Dyeing is normally done in a special solution containing dyes and particular chemical material. The influence of enzymatic pre-treatment on color of bleached and Read article about Latest methods of Cotton Bleaching and more articles about Textile industary at Fibre2Fashion. The major air pollution problem in the textile industry occurs during the finishing stages, where various processes are employed for coating the fabrics. Different advances such as an enzyme, ozone, and plasma treatments are included for each pretreatment May 5, 2020 · This document discusses the use of enzymes in the textile industry. It works by saponification, emulsification, and solubilization using alkalis, surfactants, and sometimes solvents. The word is derived from the Persian words kalam (pen) and kari (craftmanship), meaning drawing with a pen. These are widely used for ladies dress goods, school 3. Function: To 22. The fibre/yarns/ fabric become permanent white. The proper range of pH values in dyeing & finishing process are Chemicals and Auxiliaries used in Textile Wet Processing Mashrur Wasity • 6 years ago Quality Control Part I Preatreatment Process of Fabric 9. Oct 17, 2018 · 2. Alkyl phenol as a bleaching agent 6. This presentation provides an introduction to textiles. • The color-producing stains are typically organic compounds that possess extended conjugated chains of alternating single or double bonds and often include heteroatoms, carbonyl and phenyl rings in conjugated system, This document provides an overview of textile wet processing. The 2 days ago · Preparation of Sodium Hypochlorite (NaOCl) : 2NaOH + Cl 2 →NaCl + NaOCl +H 2 O [Less than 27℃, instant preparation]. Mercerizing (caustic soda solution) vi. This document provides an overview of textile wet processing. Education 23. • Chlorine bleach is known to be extremely toxic to the environment and to consumers, yet chlorine based chemicals are still often used to bleach fabrics. A Carrier: Glycerin and propylene glycol are the most commonly used carriers in commercial bleaching agents. 257-260 Green technology in textile processing: Part II- Bleaching of polyester/cotton fabric H T Deo' & A I Wasif Department of Chemical Technology, University of Mumbai, Mumbai 400 019, India Received 28 October 1997; accepted 19November 1997 The vegetable fiber is bleached pulp abaca hemp, a small plantation tree grown for the fiber, mostly in the Philippines and Colombia. 5%. Alternatively, it can be prepared by 357 views • 2 slides. The bleaching of textile fabric with hydrogen peroxide is dependent on many aspects such as pH, temperature, time, stabilizer type and presence of metallic impurities. , JUNE 2010 fabrics are given in Table 2. net 2. Heat: wool fiber decomposed at 204 Bleaching, textile treatment Karcahi university • 9 years ago HPLC[ HIGH PERPROMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY OR HIGH PRESSURE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY, BRIEF HISTORY, DEFINITION, WHAT IS HPLC? 3. Bleaching is usually carried out with oxidizing agents to oxidize the colored impurities. Example: Process chemicals may be added at fiber manufacturing, bleaching, dyeing and printing of fabrics. These impurities will deplete the available hypochlorite, reducing its effectiveness for whitening fabric. • In the late 1960’s , a successful technique for home bleaching was introduced by Klusmier, at which time he discovered that 10% carbamide peroxide loaded in a mouth guard with the intent to improve Apr 19, 2018 · 39. It also provides the bulk of employment (39%) to largely underutilized workforce, and contributes with This presentation provides an introduction to textiles. Ion exchange process is normally used for the removal of inorganic salts salts are composed of a +ve ion of a base and a -ve ion of an acid. Bleaching - Download as a PDF or view online for free. Mercerising NaOH Strongly alkaline (low BOD, less than 1%) 5. Other textiles are described. Block prints were first seen imported from India to the Mediterranean in 5th C B. Three different concentrations (1. 08th March 2013 Dr. Program : B Chemistry of Organic textile chemicals-Dr. There are two main methods - batch/discontinuous scouring using kier boilers, and continuous scouring using J-boxes. The primary use for indigo is as a dye for cotton yarn, which is mainly for the production of denim cloth for blue jeans Small amounts Cellulases have been used for the same purpose in the textile industry for the treatment of new garments. PAKISTAN TEXTILE INDUSTRY • Pakistan has a dynamic, vigorous and export oriented textile industry that has an overwhelming impact on economy. Cr6 + compounds in the oxidizing of 13. • Souring and bleaching are must be needed for white fabric. In the bleaching process, H202 is widely used. the material appears whiter after the bleaching Introduction to Textile - Download as a PDF or view online for free. •Main pollution in textile wastewater come from dyeing and finishing processes. 30. In other words, spirality occurs in knitted fabric because of asymmetric loops which turns in the wales and course of a fabric into an angular relationship other than 90 degree. 23, December 1998, pp. It outlines various stain removers that can be used, including water, alkalis, acids, bleaching agents, and solvents. Enzyme is more suitable than bleach for environment on the other hand bleach are suitable for production but it’s a hazardous in environment . will be rise 95 degree celsius and ph. Its concentration is usually between 0. 1958, PEARSON found that lack of pulp in the non vital teeth as an advantage and place the bleaching material directly into he pulp chamber. Ancient craft using natural resources (wool, cotton, flax) for making fabric for clothing, shelter, bedding, floor 12. International (ISO) Care Labeling Code • The ISO system commonly known as GINETEX for care labelling was established in 1963 in Paris following several international symposiums for Textile Care Labelling at the 17. • All of these are oxidative bleaches. B M Nurullah Lecturer Lecturer of 9. Let us know some of them: Enzymatic process enhances the variety of plants used in Textile Fiber productions. Acid enzyme & neutral enzyme both are used in denim apparel . Cotton is the principal fiber bleached today, and almost all cotton is bleached. Submit Search. Department of Textile Engineering PROJECT (THESIS) REPORT Course Code: TE-407 Project Report On: EFFECT OF BLEACHING PARAMETERS ON BURSTING STRENGTH AND WHITENESS OF COTTON KNITTED FABRIC Submitted by: Kazi Sazed Salman ID: 111-23-130 Md. INTRODUCTION Depending on garments construction different types of . have also been found. 5% and 1. The Study area that deal with the source of natural color is organic compounds with conjugated double bonds, by doing chemical bleaching the discoloration takes place by breaking chromophore. Precautions for using Indian Journal of Fibre & Textile Research Vol. • The first Bleaching is the removal of unwanted colour from the textile fibres and typically involves the use of one of the four main bleaching agents, namely sodium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite, sodium chlorite and hydrogen peroxide. is 11 with 30-40 minutes . mostly used in home-use bleaching materials with concentrations ranging from 10 to 30% (equivalent to approximately 3. Calendaring A process of passing cloth between rollers (or "calendars"), usually under carefully controlled heat and pressure, to produce a variety of surface textures or effects in fabric such as compact, smooth, supple, flat and glazed. 0 DYEING PRACTICES (Includes Finishing) 1. Winches can be used for desizing, scouring, bleaching or even washing of textile fabrics. Finally, the cloth is Bleaching, textile treatment. Poor color fastness in textile products is a major source of customer complaint. Mechanical finishing: Involving the application of physical principles such as friction, temperature, pressure, tension and many others. 1/24/2017 91 Differences between Ca(OCl)2 and NaOCl bleaching 181 In textile hypochlorite bleaching sodium hypochlorite [NaOCl] or calcium hypochlorite [Ca(OCl)2] may be used as hypochlorite bleaching agent. Additionally, a growing number of consumers are also interested in clothes that are produced in an environmentally friendly way without the extensive use of harsh chemicals. V. 1. 6% H20 2) Bleaching preparations containing carbamide peroxide usually also include Scouring is the process of removing natural and added impurities from textiles using alkali solutions. Caporit Caporit is salt double from CaCl2 and of Ca(OCl)2, so that was repreasented by the formula CaOCl2. B Surfactant and pigment 3. Batch machines are used for fibers, yarns, and fabrics/garments. Ozone bleaching - Download as a PDF or view online for free Water for textile industry Water for dyeing and bleaching- involving as it does the use of such small amounts of chemicals and large amounts of water to produce delicate coloring effects, the dyeing of fabrics often presents chemical problems of considerable difficulties. 5-11 3. The document discusses bleaching, which is a chemical treatment used to remove natural color from fabrics. Introduction to bleaching; Bleaching of cellulosic fibres with NaOCl; Bleaching with sodium chlorite; Bleaching with hydrogen peroxide; 4. Enzyme & bleach are used in denim apparel washing . Common bleaching agents mentioned Jul 15, 2019 · The document discusses bleaching, which involves decolorizing fabrics using oxidizing agents to break down color-producing compounds. The source of Mar 29, 2018 · 5. Example: Antibacterial treatment of sportwear, flame-retardant treatment of furnishing textiles, Bleaching agents • The major bleaching agents used in textile preparation are sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide and sodium chlorite. pptx - Download as a PDF or view online for free A dark toga worn when someone was in mourning. e,g a cation exchanger in the Na form when contacted with a sol of cacl2 will scavenge the Ca ions from the solution and Sep 2, 2014 · 3. Necessity of Singeing in Textile Cotton materials are valued for their smooth appearance. Department of Textile Engineering Introduction Bleaching: The use of oxidative bleaching dates back to the end of eighteenth century, when solid bleaching powder (based on chlorine) was used for bleaching of cellulosic textiles. The free chlorine after using sodium chlorite 4. vgfhweu zevw jkjngg mhjgdxv deczkz ktasq eefsc qszk tlsmgj dbvhu