Linux kernel source tarball. sh: update version files make commit optional Andrey .
Linux kernel source tarball For those 2 a manual download of the tarball was required. 13. At a given moment, there are 4 “versions” of the Freax Linux kernel. Download the latest or specific kernel source tarball from kernel. Download the lastest version tarball of the Linux kernel; Before we tinker with the file we just downloaded, open a command line terminal and install the following prerequisite packages. Create a tarball of the kernel source. Apr 6, 2015 · I am working on an embedded Linux distribution and currently I have to share the Kernel and its Kernel modules with my team. 0-rc1. Starting with the 4. NET binaries just like any other program after you have done the following: 5 days ago · This site is operated by the Linux Kernel Organization, Inc. Change to your personal kernel-building directory and unpack the tarball: $ tar zxvf linux-source-2. targz-pkg. file is created). code from a Subversion repository. Index of /pub/linux/kernel/v4. Generating orig tarball from newer upstream 4. Documentation extracted from the Linux kernel and mirrored on the web where Google can find it: Documentation - Text files in the kernel source tarball's Jul 27, 2018 · Mainline release tarball signatures. A custom tarball # 4. 13 is released! Linus Torvalds announced it in lkml. The guidelines for firmware removal were set by the Handling source-less firmware in the Linux kernel General Resolution and the position statement by the release managers. Oct 27, 2011 · There is also another tool that is rapidly gaining acceptance in the Linux world: bzip2. The most straight forward way would be to look at the source of the kernel, in this example, kernel 5. As a quick note, the Linux kernel we are going to be building today is different than the kernel you get from your distribution (Ubuntu, Debian, etc). 18. 22. HD-audio is the new standard on-board audio component on modern PCs after AC97. Update a currently installed version of the kernel source tree to any other version, by patching the tree to the proper version. Please consider using a soft link: As you can see the /usr/src/linux link points to /usr/src/linux-3. com sudo apt-get install linux-source. # SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2. The next step in the process is obtaining the kernel source code. For storing sources and build artifacts 12 Gigabyte in your home directory should typically suffice. Then change to the top-level source directory and start configuring your new kernel: $ cd linux-source-2. C. Installation of Linux API Headers The Linux kernel needs to expose an Application Programming Interface (API) for the system's C library (Glibc in LFS) to use. B. Aug 17, 2017 · Where to get Ubuntu Linux kernel source package from? Not a Debian package. xz | gpg --verify linux-3. $ head Makefile. 2. After downloading the source, uncompressing and untarring it is simple. xz tarball, which serves as the original upstream source. This option allows Buildroot to get the Linux kernel source. x. Such removal produces linux_version. Sep 19, 2018 · 如果使用tarball安装自定义的系统,系统交付的时候服务已经部署好了,会省去了不少时间,并且部署的肯定没问题。 1. Install required packages. That page says also: Protocol Locatio Jul 30, 2007 · # mv /usr/src/linux-source-2. I found kernel here: Samsung kernel for SM A510F I downloaded tools from here: wget Jan 19, 2017 · The tarball only contains the source code for the specific release of the kernel in the tarball, whereas the git repository (cloned using git clone) contains the history of the kernel going back quite a long time. orig), and make sure that there are no failed patches (some-file-name# or some-file-name. Headers for the kernel release as opposed to headers installed by the distro on the system should be the primary focus to be able to find regressions. EXTRAVERSION = -rc3. Do NOT use the /usr/src/linux area! linux 系统教程学习笔记. org be signed by the same Oct 30, 2023 · The Linux kernel is the core of any Linux operating system. linux-manual-version. Usually, a developer will provide his program in this format on his website or one of the third party software sites like SourceForge. tar. To retrieve them, just install the linux-source-version package. z May 4, 2019 · In the kernel source tree, check the root directory Makefile to get the kernel version as below. 服务器数量多的时候,这种tarball安装优势很明显,减少网络带宽,交付可靠性提高。 2. When you compile a kernel (create a custom kernel for yourself from source) there is an option to create a bzipped kernel. gz -rw-r--r-- 1 christopher christopher 7512498 May 5 11:01 doc. 0-trunk-amd64 (or the equivalent apt-get source linux), you're actually downloading and extracting the source package. 12. version is the actual upstream version. 501(c)3 nonprofit corporation Oct 2, 2023 · So, as the prerequisites, we will be downloading the Linux kernel's source as a tarball and install a few dependencies that will allow us to build the Linux kernel. Followin Mar 11, 2017 · 软件安装:源码(Source Code)和Tarball(压缩包) 《鸟哥的Linux私房菜》笔记 提到Linux,就不得不提GNU和GPL授权所产生的自由软件(free softw Zhang21 阅读 11,350 评论 0 赞 15 The kernel target is a kernel tree of an older Linux release. More than ever, corporations are driving Linux development and requirements. net --recv-keys 6092693E Then you can verify signatures like $ xz -cd linux-3. Although Linux has been supporting HD-audio since long time ago, there are often problems with new machines. Merged module source in the kernel tree is even better. Install the Fresh Linux Kernel in the Boot Directory The “kernel hacking” configuration details usually result in a bigger or slower kernel (or both), and can even make the kernel less stable by configuring some routines to actively try to break bad code to find kernel problems (kmalloc()). See full list on informit. Builds a gzip-compressed tarball that contains the compiled kernel and modules. 安装系统 More Notes on HD-Audio Driver¶. 34~14. The apt search ^linux-source command lists the various kernel versions packaged by Debian. 04. Sep 3, 2012 · Unfortunately, it does not seem to help when building external (out of tree) kernel modules. PATCHLEVEL = 18. Nov 4, 2022 · At first I did try to use _EXTRACT_CMDS, but that turned into a wget operation. The patchlevel of the source is determined by the Debian revision of the package, for example the version 4. z is the version of that particular release of the kernel source. This contains the upstream code (the kernel source code downloaded from kernel. bz2 ~/kernel. NET binaries (in the form of . sign 29-Apr ‘Make MrProper’ ensures that the kernel tree is absolutely clean. 15. Why another mailing list service? Linux development started in 1991 and has been ongoing for the past 30 years at an ever-increasing pace. xz file and want to install without erasing the existing 3. If /path/to/source-tree is passed as an option, and source-tree contains a dkms. xz' This eliminates the need to type the entire source filename as a value to the option. Sep 2, 2020 · Kernel packaging: rpm-pkg - Build both source and binary RPM kernel packages binrpm-pkg - Build only the binary kernel RPM package deb-pkg - Build both source and binary deb kernel packages bindeb-pkg - Build only the binary kernel deb package snap-pkg - Build only the binary kernel snap package (will connect to external hosts) dir-pkg - Build the kernel as a plain directory structure tar-pkg * [PATCH 1/2] docs: rust: update instructions for obtaining 'core' source 2023-07-18 5:44 [PATCH 0/2] docs: rust: update instructions on obtaining 'core' source Trevor Gross @ 2023-07-18 5:44 ` Trevor Gross 2023-07-19 17:39 ` Martin Rodriguez Reboredo ` (2 more replies) 2023-07-18 5:44 ` [PATCH 2/2] docs: rust: clarify what 'rustup override Linux kernel source tree. If /path/to/tarball. Once the package is installed, the source tarball is available Jun 30, 2013 · I am planning to write some device drivers and I need to get the Linux kernel source. org. 0-23-generic-pae and I downloaded the image from this. This is done by way of sanitizing various C header files that are shipped in the Linux kernel source tarball. The "kernel hacking" configuration details usually result in a bigger or slower kernel (or both), and can even make the kernel less stable by configuring some routines to actively try to break bad code to find kernel problems (kmalloc()). TIP. In the Buildroot configuration menu, under "Kernel", set "Kernel version" to "Custom tarball". 5. xz or is only available from another source E: Unable to locate package qt4-dev-tools E: Unable to locate package May 8, 2020 · It uses gzip compression (with option z) while creating the tarball. 11) into /media/Newdisk. Once the package is installed, the source tarball is available at /usr/src/linux-source-version. exe files) without the need to use the mono CLR wrapper, you can use the BINFMT_MISC kernel support. In many of the articles I have read, it tells me that I need to have the entire kernel tree to start inserting new modules. The different types of version 5. make XXX_defconfig to install a default Buildroot configuration. org) and all the Debian packaging, including patches added to the kernel by the Debian kernel team. z. tar The chosen method should be run inside the kernel source directory, Aug 30, 2016 · Compiling the Linux Kernel from source can seem like a daunting task, even to someone who’s pretty comfortable with computers in general. 制作Tarball 2. Primer on Linux versions At a given moment, there are 4 "versions" of the Freax Linux kernel. In today's explosion of Linux in the enterprise, the ability to pick up the phone and find help is critical. Takashi Iwai <tiwai @ suse. 6. The module sources are "out of the kernel tree". 7 . Assume that we have the Mar 28, 2023 · The procedure to build (compile) and install the latest Linux kernel from source is as follows: Grab the latest kernel from kernel. The Linux kernel supports tons of hardware devices and options. sign - Feb 15, 2019 · In local. christopher@linux-handbook:~$ ll doc. 时至今日,不太需要有 tarball 的安装了。 CentOS/Fedora 有个 RPM 补遗计划,就是俗称的 EPEL 计划,相关说明请参考 EPEL ,一般学界用到的软件都在里面,除非你要用的软件是专属收费软件,或则是比较冷门的软件,否则都有好心的网友帮我妈打包好了 Oct 2, 2023 · So, as the prerequisites, we will be downloading the Linux kernel’s source as a tarball and install a few dependencies that will allow us to build the Linux kernel. linux-source-version. , a 501(c)3 nonprofit corporation, with support from the following sponsors. While it’s not normally recommended that you install software this way on your Linux system, sometimes it is necessary. About the other files: In the tarball linux-lts-vivid_3. Building a development version of the Debian kernel package 4. org and download the latest kernel source code version (4. 1' , '5. 22 $ make mrproper $ make xconfig 3. Building out-of-tree kernel modules 5. 1', 'linux-5. 18 --mainline |-m mainline kernel version 5. specific kernel source tarball: config BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_CUSTOM_GIT: bool "Custom Git tree" help: This option allows Buildroot to get the Linux kernel source: code from a Git repository. xz | tar xvf - Replace "X" with the version number of the latest kernel. 3 directory. 5 tar. 12 not found). 5 days ago · This site is operated by the Linux Kernel Organization, Inc. Jan 20, 2025 · Linux Kernel 6. A set of custom local directory locations # choice prompt "Kernel version" @@ -100,6 +101,12 @@ config BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_CUSTOM_SVN This option allows Buildroot to get the Linux kernel source code from a Subversion repository. 24 源码分析&学习笔记. /README. INSTALLING the kernel source: - If you install the full sources, put the kernel tarball in a directory where you have permissions (e. 3 $ tar xaf /usr/src/linux-source-4. 21-gentoo-r1 directory Thus, when issuing the make command, the resulting output is put in the top level directory of the build tree, which doesn't pollute the original source. y. As a matter of fact, the Linux kernel source package, usually comes "bzipped". These “versions” of Linux, in the order of the development flow are: If called without arguments, installs stable kernel using /opt/linux --help |-h display this help and exit--kernel |-k kernel version of choice --stable |-s stable kernel version 5. When you run Oct 3, 2024 · Linux 中的 tarball 文件是将多个文件和目录归档到一个文件中的常用方法,通常用于备份、分发或打包目的。术语 “tarball ”来源于 “tar”(磁带归档的缩写)命令的使用,该命令最初设计用于将数据写入磁带等顺序存储设备。 This package contains the Debian kernel source tarball. tar-pkg. Please read the Documentation/process/changes. Many popular code collaboration platforms have risen throughout these three decades -- and while some of them are still around, many others have shut down and disappeared without offering any way to preserve the history of the projects they used to host. There is the README file. org and download the latest stable kernel tarball (a file typically named linux-x. Extract the source tarball: tar -xvf linux-x. gz you can find the "vanilla" kernel, as released upstream; to this kernel the Ubuntu developers have added patches, drivers, changed things that are collected in the diff which is compressed in linux-lts-vivid_3. 15 you may want will want to use the tag backports-20141114 on the backports tree; the kernel source will be the linux-next tree tag next-20141114 (you can either reset the tree to that tag or use –git When building a custom kernel, most people DO NOT BUILD the source inside the source tarball either. Go to kernel. . Downloading via Command Line Get the original tarballs from the kernel version you're going to build Building packages for the kernel requires that the tarballs upon which the originally released kernel were based are present, otherwise the final tarball for the source package will be only one containing all the tree with the changes inside (no . sh: update version files make commit optional Andrey 5. gnupg. This article lists some of the options available in the repositories with a brief description of each. x/. Dec 27, 2023 · This spits out a new directory like linux-5. Visit Kernel. May 3, 2010 · A tarball is a compressed archive. 19. cd /media/Newdisk Jan 22, 2025 · *Re: [PATCH v2 3/7] release. org on Sunday: So nothing horrible or unexpected happened last week, so I’ve tagged and pushed out the final 6. 8. I try to compile android kernel from source, but every time got errors. For example if you want to integrate linux-next tag next-20141114 onto v3. Option 3 is when regular builds of the package happen, and it's a large source file, such as the linux kernel. rej). X. Sep 1, 2003 · Source is a wonderful thing. Kernel Configuration. Use KHDR_INCLUDES in Makefile to include headers from the kernel source. One can download latest kernel from https://www. Replace “x” for all versions bigger than the version “X” of your current source tree, in_order, and you should be ok. endchoice. linux kernel 2. Open the terminal application. VERSION = 5. My Linux kernel version is 3. de> General¶. The unpacked source tree then will be available in linux-source-4. mk, add a line with LINUX_OVERRIDE_SRCDIR= and fill in the path to the kernel source (either an absolute path, or a path relative to the Buildroot source directory). 0-1-amd64. On my system (OpenSUSE 12. cd linux-x. Jun 24, 2013 · RPM and deb archives are quite nice and handy, but chances are you won't get the official kernel that way but a patched version; most distributions ship modified kernels sources for many reasons (and may include bugfix backports, extra binary firmware blobs, code merged from third parties, and so on). After downloading the tarball you can extract the kernel’s source code from it in many different ways (the virtue of UNIX-like systems). Building a custom kernel from the "pristine" kernel source 4. Script to install the latest [stable/mainline/longterm] kernel from source on Debian-based distributions, for all architectures. Share. It handles low-level interactions between software and hardware, manages memory and processes, enforces security policies, and much more. Find the latest version of the kernel, download it, and uncompress it. Jan 4, 2025 · Downloading the Kernel Source. bz2, where x. Apr 13, 2011 · Download and extract the latest kernel source. bz2. I'm using Ubuntu 12. This package contains the manual pages for the functions, constituting the kernel API. Linux From Scratch (how to build a complete Linux system from source code): read online download. Inspired by LinuxKernelBuild. 4. conf file, it will copy /path/to/source-tree to /usr/src/module-module-version. Arch Linux is based on the Linux kernel. 7 containing the full kernel source tree – 10k+ source files using over 23 million lines of code! Enter this directory: $ cd linux-5. tarbz2-pkg. gz. 18 --longterm |-l longterm kernel version 5. This guide will explain how to obtain, […] Jun 8, 2015 · The following if derived from the instructions Linux kernel releases PGP signatures on the kernel. Builds a Debian package that contains the compiled kernel and modules. Jan 12, 2024 · As explained in the manual, "Customizing the generated target filesystem", there are two good ways to include an externally-built file in your Buildroot build. Time to roll up our sleeves and configure the kernel. SUBLEVEL = 0. The Linux kernel is an open-source monolithic Unix-like computer operating system kernel. When a kernel source package is installed, the source tarball is placed in the /usr/src directory. Time: Kernel compilation may take quite a while, depending on the power of your machine. Builds a tarball that contains the compiled kernel and modules. 16. For the latter 150 Megabyte in /lib/ and 100 in /boot/ are a safe bet. Which say (in part), first (and only one time) install the public key like $ gpg --keyserver hkp://keys. endchoice: config BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_CUSTOM_VERSION_VALUE: string "Kernel version" depends on BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_CUSTOM_VERSION: config BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_CUSTOM Sep 13, 2022 · Next comes the task of finding the header and other code files for those 6854 configured elements. For distributions like CentOS/RHEL: sudo yum install kernel-devel kernel-headers. 13 release. Jan 27, 2017 · I had an issue with downloading linux (wget failed) and zlib (version 1. Builds a bzip2-compressed tarball that contains the compiled kernel and modules. Jun 15, 2017 · 一般而言,要使用Tarball管理Linux系统上的软件,最好需要gcc,make,autoconfig,Kernel source,Kernel header等前驱软件才行。 所以在安装Linux之初,最好就能够选择Software development 以及Kernel development之类的群组; Replace “x” for all versions bigger than the version “X” of your current source tree, in_order, and you should be ok. org site. Aug 4, 2022 · The --kcompile-source option is enhanced such that it can find the kernel source tarballs using the values as 'linux-5. It was attempting to download the source from a site designated by my BR2_PRIMARY_SITE definition, even though _METHOD is file and _SITE is a local path. The Linux kernel is open source, enabling enthusiasts and developers to view and modify the code to their needs. 0. The main goal behind this change is to simplify the verification process and make all kernel tarball releases available for download on kernel. To invoke specific configuration targets some extra packages must be installed: the ncurses-devel and qt-devel packages, for example, are needed to configure the kernel making use, respectively, of the ncurses-based and the Qt graphical interface, while the rpm-build package is needed to build an rpm containing the compiled kernel. You may want to remove the backup files (some-file-name~ or some-file-name. 2 Replace “x” for all versions bigger than the version “x” of your current source tree, in_order, and you should be ok. 9; Install Linux kernel and modules (drivers) Update Grub configuration; Reboot the system INSTALLING the kernel source: - If you install the full sources, put the kernel tarball in a directory where you have permissions (eg. 10 installed alongside Windows and the default loader is GRUB. / incr/ 05-Dec-2024 10:08 - stable-review/ 03-Dec-2024 14:32 - ChangeLog-4. NAME = Superb Owl. 2 contains the version 4. Do not rely on the source tree being clean after un-tarring. Automatic install script for The Linux kernel. Version numbers and ABIs 5. The source is available in the relevant kernel tarball which can be downloaded from kernel. 1. org> Jan 9, 2012 · Option 1 lets you temporarily work around having to extract the tarball each time, which is ideal for development. 1 to the present. But it takes time to configure the kernel. A set of custom repository locations +# 5. 501(c)3 nonprofit corporation May 3, 2024 · The steps to setup a custom Linux kernel configuration using Buildroot could be: make distclean to start with a fresh Buildroot directory. diff. Then set "URL of custom kernel In the Kernel repo, we use Github Action to release kernel source code, and provide latest update of kernel. g. 18 final release, all mainline tarball PGP signatures will be made by Greg Kroah-Hartman instead of Linus Torvalds. 5 of the Debian kernel source patched to patchlevel 1. 3. The usual way to install software, of … The “kernel hacking” configuration details usually result in a bigger or slower kernel (or both), and can even make the kernel less stable by configuring some routines to actively try to break bad code to find kernel problems (kmalloc()). This is the raw kernel that comes from Linux Torvalds himself. this would mean that the tarball contains the source code for version 5. 41 --dir |-d install directory --kexec |-x load new kernel without reboot Linux下软件的Tarball安装 参考:《鸟哥的Linux私房菜》 安装软件是 root 的工作!步骤: 取得原始档:将 tarball 文件在 /usr/local/src 目录下解压缩; 取得步骤流程:进入新建立的目录底下,去查阅 INSTALL 与 README 等相关文件内容; 相依属性软件安装:根据 INSTALL/README 的内容察看并安装好一些相依软件 Mono(tm) Binary Kernel Support for Linux¶ To configure Linux to automatically execute Mono-based . rst file, as it contains the requirements for building and running the kernel, and information about the problems which may result by upgrading your kernel. Adding yourself to the src group. May 30, 2019 · The ones above are only the ‘core’ packages we need. xz-utils: XZ-format compression utilities to decompress the Linux kernel tar ball. 0-30. This package contains the Debian kernel source tarball. orig. Jun 28, 2023 · Hello! Nice to be here. kernel. Kernel releases prior to September, 2011. This GitHub Actions workflow aims to merge different versions of the Linux kernel under specific conditions—either when code is pushed to the main branch or when a pull_request is created with the target branch being main. I've got kernel source tree from git. 2 Downloading from Kernel. Thus you should probably answer 'n' to the questions for "development", "experimental", or "debugging Ensure to have enough free space for building and installing Linux. I've downloaded kernel 3. Building a custom kernel from Debian kernel source 4. Oct 16, 2015 · The root of your kernel tree is the directory linux-lts-vivid-3. 2. Kernel source can be retrieved from the official kernel site: Go to kernel. org; Verify kernel; Untar the kernel tarball; Copy existing Linux kernel config file; Compile and build Linux kernel 5. 1 29-Apr-2015 08:31 8067 ChangeLog-4. Contribute to jacklin9/linux-kernel-book development by creating an account on GitHub. your home directory) and unpack it: xz -cd linux-4. Jan 3, 2022 · I want to be able to switch between releases/tags of the Linux kernel. It can also get really irritating if you aren’t Jul 22, 2017 · kernel-package: Utility for building Linux kernel related Debian packages. The Linux kernel needs to expose an Application Programming Interface (API) for the system's C library (Glibc in LFS) to use. To work in this directory, you must be the either the root user or a member of the src group. The enhancement will look for the tarballs in the loadsource directory. Contribute to cckn/Linux-kernel-source-tree development by creating an account on GitHub. Thus you should probably answer ‘n’ to the questions for “development”, “experimental”, or To get the Debian kernel source, it is sufficient to install the latest linux-source-version package and unpack the source, for example: # apt-get install linux-source-4. Pay attention while using hyphen – with tar options May 31, 2012 · I'm building a sample kernel module under linux . Normally I'd use Yocto/Openembedded framework, but right now I'm can only use the Linux Makefile. Prior to September, 2011 all kernel releases were signed automatically by the same PGP key: pub 1024D/517D0F0E 2000-10-10 [revoked: 2011-12-11] Key fingerprint = C75D C40A 11D7 AF88 9981 ED5B C86B A06A 517D 0F0E uid Linux Kernel Archives Verification Key <ftpadmin@kernel. Jan 7, 2025 · I downloaded the tarball linux-5. There are various alternative Linux kernels available for Arch Linux in addition to the latest stable kernel. As you can see, the gzipped tarball size is 54862 bytes (53MB) less that a normal, uncompressed tar ball. 1. And various little stuff all over. 288. Primer on Linux versions. Option 2 bypasses the notion of having a tarball to begin with, but becomes cumbersome when you have lots and lots of files. org in archive tarball format. Is there a way to generate a tarball of the Kernel modules? Unified Linux-kernel git repository, with complete history from 0. 1 x86), I have a directory (~/sample) with the sources of a simple kernel module as well as with Kbuild and Makefile for it. 服务器数量多. Disk space: 10 GB or more free disk space. It’s mostly some final driver fixes (gpu and networking dominating – normal), with some doc updates too. The kernel team recommends that this command be issued prior to each kernel compilation. xz). The Linux kernel tarball in bzip2 format is named linux-x. Replace “x” for all versions bigger than the version “x” of your current source tree, in_order, and you should be ok. # *DOCUMENTATION* # To see a list of typical targets execute "make help" # More info can be located in . 5-1 of the package linux-source-4. Within the build directory, unpack the kernel tarball: $ tar -xvf linux-A. 5 kernel. It doesn't matter here if it's a kernel image or anything else. Now run ‘make LANG=en_US LC_ALL= menuconfig’ after ‘make mrproper’. This will allow you to execute Mono-based . Is there any repository which has tar/bz2 package of complete kernel sources of every version release. tar is passed, this command behaves like the ldtarball command. 7. First use the headers inside the kernel source and/or git repo, and then the system headers. Like anything that can be useful on a Debian system, the Linux kernel sources are available in a package. sh: update version files make commit optional 2025-01-22 15:01 ` [PATCH v2 3/7] release. Jan 30, 2024 · @目录软件安装:原始码与 Tarball开放源码的软件安装与升级简介什么是开放源码、编译程序与可执行文件什么是函式库什么是 make 与 configure什么是 Tarball 的软件如何安装与升级软件用 make 进行宏编译为什么要用 makemakefile 的基本语法与变量Tarball 的 apt-get source linux-image-3. 4. default "custom" if BR2_LINUX_KERNEL_CUSTOM_TARBALL. Thus you should probably answer ‘n’ to the questions for “development”, “experimental”, or Feb 10, 2020 · I have downloaded a linux kernel source. xz. Most of all, support for that source is what really counts. kqeeimdflzkzyvxwspxzwscnejowvrrqzduiocxkyewnqtieoscfhodokwlqvtimemiviukbnhehqxis